HT45F2020 datasheet(13/85 Pages) HOLTEK

13 / 85 page

Rev. 1.00

April 11, 2017

Rev. 1.00

April 11, 2017

HT45F2020/HT45F2022

Sound Effect Generator Flash MCU

HT45F2020/HT45F2022

Sound Effect Generator Flash MCU

Fetch Inst. (PC)

(System Clock)

fSYS

Phase Clock T1

Phase Clock T2

Phase Clock T3

Phase Clock T4

Program Counter

PC+1

PC+2

Pipelining

Execute Inst. (PC-1)

Fetch Inst. (PC+1)

Execute Inst. (PC)

Fetch Inst. (PC+2)

Execute Inst. (PC+1)

System Clocking and Pipelining

Forinstructionsinvolvingbranches,suchasjumporcallinstructions,twomachinecyclesare

requiredtocompleteinstructionexecution.Anextracycleisrequiredastheprogramtakesone

cycletofirstobtaintheactualjumporcalladdressandthenanothercycletoactuallyexecutethe

branch.Therequirementforthisextracycleshouldbetakenintoaccountbyprogrammersintiming

sensitiveapplications.

Fetch Inst. 1

MOV A,[12H]

CALL DELAY

CPL [12H]

6 DELAY: NOP

Execute Inst. 1

Fetch Inst. 2

Execute Inst. 2

Fetch Inst. 3

Flush Pipeline

Fetch Inst. 6

Execute Inst. 6

Fetch Inst. 7

Instruction Fetching

Program Counter

Duringprogramexecution,theProgramCounterisusedtokeeptrackoftheaddressofthe

nextinstructiontobeexecuted.Itisautomaticallyincrementedbyoneeachtimeaninstruction

isexecutedexceptforinstructions,suchas“JMP”or“CALL”thatdemandsajumptoanon-

consecutiveProgramMemoryaddress.Onlythelower8bits,knownastheProgramCounterLow

Whenexecutinginstructionsrequiringjumpstonon-consecutiveaddressessuchasajump

instruction,asubroutinecall,interruptorreset,etc.,themicrocontrollermanagesprogramcontrol

byloadingtherequiredaddressintotheProgramCounter.Forconditionalskipinstructions,once

theconditionhasbeenmet,thenextinstruction,whichhasalreadybeenfetchedduringthepresent

instructionexecution,isdiscardedandadummycycletakesitsplacewhilethecorrectinstructionis

obtained.

Program Counter

Program Counter High Byte

PCL Register

PC9~PC8

PCL7~PCL0

Program Counter

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