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SH7052 bảng dữ liệu(PDF) 52 Page - Renesas Technology Corp |
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SH7052 bảng dữ liệu(HTML) 52 Page - Renesas Technology Corp |
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52 / 919 page  26 2.2 Data Formats 2.2.1 Data Format in Registers Register operands are always longwords (32 bits). When the memory operand is only a byte (8 bits) or a word (16 bits), it is sign-extended into a longword when loaded into a register (figure 2.4). 31 0 Longword Figure 2.4 Longword Operand 2.2.2 Data Format in Memory Memory data formats are classified into bytes, words, and longwords. Byte data can be located at any address, but word data must begin at address 2n and longword data at address 4n. An address error will occur if access is attempted beginning at an address other than these boundaries. In such cases, the data accessed cannot be guaranteed. The hardware stack area, referred to by the hardware stack pointer (SP, R15), uses only longword data starting from address 4n because this area holds the program counter and status register (figure 2.5). 31 0 15 23 7 Byte Byte Byte Byte Word Word Address 2n Address 4n Longword Address m Address m + 2 Address m + 1 Address m + 3 Figure 2.5 Byte, Word, and Longword Alignment 2.2.3 Immediate Data Format Byte (8-bit) immediate data resides in an instruction code. Immediate data accessed by the MOV, ADD, and CMP/EQ instructions is sign-extended and handled in registers as longword data. Immediate data accessed by the TST, AND, OR, and XOR instructions is zero-extended and handled as longword data. Consequently, AND instructions with immediate data always clear the upper 24 bits of the destination register. |
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