HT45F12 datasheet(17/104 Pages) HOLTEK

17 / 104 page

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HT45F12

8-Bit Flash MCU with Op Amps & Comparators

HT45F12

8-Bit Flash MCU with Op Amps & Comparators

Fe tc h In st . 1E xe cu te I ns t . 1

Fe tc h In st . 2

Fl us h Pi pel in e

DE LA Y:

MO V A, [1 2H ]

CA LL D EL AY

CP L [ 12H ]

NO P

Ex ec ut e In st . 2

Fe tc h In st . 3

Fe tc h In st . 6

Ex ec ut e In s t. 6

Fe tc h In st . 7

Instruction Fetching

Program Counter – PC

Duringprogramexecution,theProgramCounterisusedtokeeptrackoftheaddressofthe

nextinstructiontobeexecuted.Itisautomaticallyincrementedbyoneeachtimeaninstruction

isexecutedexceptforinstructions,suchas“JMP”or“CALL”thatdemandajumptoanon-

consecutiveProgramMemoryaddress.Itmustbenotedthatonlythelower8bits,knownasthe

ProgramCounterLowRegister,aredirectlyaddressablebyuser.

Whenexecutinginstructionsrequiringjumpstonon-consecutiveaddressessuchasajump

instruction,asubroutinecall,interruptorreset,etc.themicrocontrollermanagesprogramcontrol

byloadingtherequiredaddressintotheProgramCounter.Forconditionalskipinstructions,once

theconditionhasbeenmet,thenextinstruction,whichhasalreadybeenfetchedduringthepresent

instructionexecution,isdiscardedandadummycycletakesitsplacewhilethecorrectinstructionis

obtained.

Program Counter

Program Counter High Byte

PCL Register

PC9~PC8

PCL7~PCL0

ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounter,knownastheProgramCounterLowregisterorPCL,is

availableforprogramcontrolandisareadableandwriteableregister.Bytransferringdatadirectly

intothisregister,ashortprogramjumpcanbeexecuteddirectly,however,asonlythislowbyte

isavailableformanipulation,thejumpsarelimitedtothepresentpageofmemory,thatis256

locations.Whensuchprogramjumpsareexecuteditshouldalsobenotedthatadummycyclewill

beinserted.

ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounterisfullyaccessibleunderprogramcontrol.Manipulatingthe

PCLmightcauseprogrambranching,soanextracycleisneededtopre-fetch.Furtherinformation

onthePCLregistercanbefoundintheSpecialFunctionRegistersection.

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