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HT45F12 bảng dữ liệu(PDF) 87 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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HT45F12 bảng dữ liệu(HTML) 87 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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87 / 104 page  Rev. 0.00 8� �e�te��e� ��� �01� Rev. 0.00 87 �e�te��e� ��� �01� HT45F12 8-Bit Flash MCU with Op Amps & Comparators HT45F12 8-Bit Flash MCU with Op Amps & Comparators Instruction Set Introduction Centraltothesuccessfuloperationofanymicrocontrollerisitsinstructionset,whichisasetof programinstructioncodesthatdirectsthemicrocontrollertoperformcertainoperations.Inthecase ofHoltekmicrocontrollers,acomprehensiveandflexiblesetofover60instructionsisprovidedto enableprogrammerstoimplementtheirapplicationwiththeminimumofprogrammingoverheads. Foreasierunderstandingofthevariousinstructioncodes,theyhavebeensubdividedintoseveral functionalgroupings. Instruction Timing Mostinstructionsareimplementedwithinoneinstructioncycle.Theexceptionstothisarebranch, call,ortablereadinstructionswheretwoinstructioncyclesarerequired.Oneinstructioncycleis equalto4systemclockcycles,thereforeinthecaseofan8MHzsystemoscillator,mostinstructions wouldbeimplementedwithin0.5µsandbranchorcallinstructionswouldbeimplementedwithin 1µs.Althoughinstructionswhichrequireonemorecycletoimplementaregenerallylimitedto theJMP,CALL,RET,RETIandtablereadinstructions,itisimportanttorealizethatanyother instructionswhichinvolvemanipulationoftheProgramCounterLowregisterorPCLwillalsotake onemorecycletoimplement.AsinstructionswhichchangethecontentsofthePCLwillimplya directjumptothatnewaddress,onemorecyclewillberequired.Examplesofsuchinstructions wouldbe″CLRPCL″or″MOVPCL,A″.Forthecaseofskipinstructions,itmustbenotedthatif theresultofthecomparisoninvolvesaskipoperationthenthiswillalsotakeonemorecycle,ifno skipisinvolvedthenonlyonecycleisrequired. Moving and Transferring Data Thetransferofdatawithinthemicrocontrollerprogramisoneofthemostfrequentlyused operations.MakinguseofthreekindsofMOVinstructions,datacanbetransferredfromregistersto theAccumulatorandvice-versaaswellasbeingabletomovespecificimmediatedatadirectlyinto theAccumulator.Oneofthemostimportantdatatransferapplicationsistoreceivedatafromthe inputportsandtransferdatatotheoutputports. Arithmetic Operations Theabilitytoperformcertainarithmeticoperationsanddatamanipulationisanecessaryfeatureof mostmicrocontrollerapplications.WithintheHoltekmicrocontrollerinstructionsetarearangeof addandsubtractinstructionmnemonicstoenablethenecessaryarithmetictobecarriedout.Care mustbetakentoensurecorrecthandlingofcarryandborrowdatawhenresultsexceed255for additionandlessthan0forsubtraction.TheincrementanddecrementinstructionsINC,INCA,DEC andDECAprovideasimplemeansofincreasingordecreasingbyavalueofoneofthevaluesinthe destinationspecified. |
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