PIC16F716 datasheet(73/126 Pages) MICROCHIP

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 2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Preliminary

DS41206A-page 71

PIC16F716

10.0

INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY

Each PIC16F716 instruction is a 14-bit word divided

into an opcode which specifies the instruction type and

one or more operands which further specify the

operation of the instruction. The PIC16F716 instruction

set summary in Table 10-2 lists byte-oriented, bit-

oriented,

and

literal

and

control

operations.

Table 10-1 shows the opcode field descriptions.

For byte-oriented instructions, ‘f’ represents a file

designator. The file register designator specifies which

file register is to be used by the instruction.

The destination designator specifies where the result of

the operation is to be placed. If ‘d’ is zero, the result is

placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is one, the result is placed

in the file register specified in the instruction.

For bit-oriented instructions, ‘b’ represents a bit field

designator which selects the number of the bit affected

by the operation, while ‘f’ represents the number of the

file in which the bit is located.

For literal and control operations, ‘k’ represents an

eight or eleven bit constant or literal value.

TABLE 10-1:

OPCODE FIELD

DESCRIPTIONS

The instruction set is highly orthogonal and is grouped

into three basic categories:

• Byte-oriented operations

• Bit-oriented operations

• Literal and control operations

All instructions

are executed within one single

instruction cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the

program counter is changed as a result of an

instruction. In this case, the execution takes two

instruction cycles with the second cycle executed as a

NOP

. One instruction cycle consists of four oscillator

periods. Thus, for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the

normal instruction execution time is 1

µs. If a

conditional test is true or the program counter is

changed as a result of an instruction, the instruction

execution time is 2

µs.

Table 10-2 lists the instructions recognized by the

MPASM™ assembler.

Figure 10-1 shows the three general formats that the

instructions can have.

All examples use the following format to represent a

hexadecimal number:

0xhh

where h signifies a hexadecimal digit.

FIGURE 10-1:

GENERAL FORMAT FOR

INSTRUCTIONS

Field

Description

Working register (accumulator)

Bit address within an 8-bit file register

Literal field, constant data or label

Don't care location (= 0 or 1)

The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is the rec-

ommended form of use for compatibility with all Microchip

software tools.

Destination select; d = 0: store result in W,

d = 1: store result in file register f.

Default is d = 1

label

Label name

TOS

Top of Stack

Program Counter

PCLATH Program Counter High Latch

GIE

Global Interrupt Enable bit

WDT

Watchdog Timer/Counter

Time-out bit

Power-down bit

dest

Destination either the W register or the specified register

file location

[ ]

Options

( )

Contents

→

Assigned to

< >

∈

In the set of

italics

User defined term (font is courier)

Note 1: Any unused opcode is reserved. Use of

any

reserved

opcode

may

cause

unexpected operation.

2: To maintain upward compatibility with

future PICmicro products, do not use the

OPTION

and TRIS instructions.

Byte-oriented file register operations

d = 0 for destination W

OPCODE

f (FILE #)

d = 1 for destination f

f = 7-bit file register address

Bit-oriented file register operations

OPCODE

b (BIT #)

f (FILE #)

b = 3-bit address

f = 7-bit file register address

Literal and control operations

OPCODE

k (literal)

k = 8-bit immediate value

OPCODE

k (literal)

k = 11-bit immediate value

General

CALL

and GOTO instructions only

10 9

8 7

11 10

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