ATmega165-16AI datasheet(100/336 Pages) ATMEL

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ATmega165/V

2573G–AVR–07/09

Output Compare Units

The 16-bit comparator continuously compares TCNT1 with the Output Compare Regis-

ter (OCR1x). If TCNT equals OCR1x the comparator signals a match. A match will set

the Output Compare Flag (OCF1x) at the next timer clock cycle. If enabled (OCIE1x =

1), the Output Compare Flag generates an Output Compare interrupt. The OCF1x Flag

is automatically cleared when the interrupt is executed. Alternatively the OCF1x Flag

can be cleared by software by writing a logical one to its I/O bit location. The Waveform

Generator uses the match signal to generate an output according to operating mode set

by the Waveform Generation mode (WGM13:0) bits and Compare Output mode

(COM1x1:0) bits. The TOP and BOTTOM signals are used by the Waveform Generator

for handling the special cases of the extreme values in some modes of operation (See

“Modes of Operation” on page 103.)

A special feature of Output Compare unit A allows it to define the Timer/Counter TOP

value (i.e., counter resolution). In addition to the counter resolution, the TOP value

defines the period time for waveforms generated by the Waveform Generator.

Figure 43 shows a block diagram of the Output Compare unit. The small “n” in the regis-

ter and bit names indicates the device number (n = 1 for Timer/Counter 1), and the “x”

indicates Output Compare unit (A/B). The elements of the block diagram that are not

directly a part of the Output Compare unit are gray shaded.

Figure 43. Output Compare Unit, Block Diagram

The OCR1x Register is double buffered when using any of the twelve Pulse Width Mod-

ulation (PWM) modes. For the Normal and Clear Timer on Compare (CTC) modes of

operation, the double buffering is disabled. The double buffering synchronizes the

update of the OCR1x Compare Register to either TOP or BOTTOM of the counting

sequence. The synchronization prevents the occurrence of odd-length, non-symmetrical

PWM pulses, thereby making the output glitch-free.

The OCR1x Register access may seem complex, but this is not case. When the double

buffering is enabled, the CPU has access to the OCR1x Buffer Register, and if double

buffering is disabled the CPU will access the OCR1x directly. The content of the OCR1x

OCFnx (Int.Req.)

= (16-bit Comparator )

OCRnx Buffer (16-bit Register)

OCRnxH Buf. (8-bit)

OCnx

TEMP (8-bit)

DATA BUS (8-bit)

OCRnxL Buf. (8-bit)

TCNTn (16-bit Counter)

TCNTnH (8-bit)

TCNTnL (8-bit)

COMnx1:0

WGMn3:0

OCRnx (16-bit Register)

OCRnxH (8-bit)

OCRnxL (8-bit)

Waveform Generator

TOP

BOTTOM

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