LM324 datasheet(11/15 Pages) CADEKA

11 / 15 page

Data Sheet

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(VLOAD)RMS = VPEAK / √2

( ILOAD)RMS = ( VLOAD)RMS / Rloadeff

The dynamic power is focused primarily within the output

stage driving the load. This value can be calculated as:

PDYNAMIC = (VS+ - VLOAD)RMS × ( ILOAD)RMS

Assuming the load is referenced in the middle of the pow-

er rails or Vsupply/2.

Figure 4 shows the maximum safe power dissipation in

the package vs. the ambient temperature for the pack-

ages available.

0.5

1.5

2.5

-40

-20

Ambient Temperature (°C)

SOT23-6

SOT23-5

SOIC-16

Figure 4. Maximum Power Derating

Driving Capacitive Loads

Increased phase delay at the output due to capacitive load-

ing can cause ringing, peaking in the frequency response,

and possible unstable behavior. Use a series resistance, RS,

between the amplifier and the load to help improve stability

and settling performance. Refer to Figure 5.

Input

Output

Figure 5. Addition of RS for Driving

Capacitive Loads

Table 1 provides the recommended RS for various capaci-

tive loads. The recommended RS values result in <=1dB

peaking in the frequency response. The Frequency Re-

sponse vs. CL plot, on page 6, illustrates the response of

the LM358/LM324.

CL (pF)

RS (Ω)

-3dB BW (kHz)

1nF

485

5nF

390

10nF

260

100

440

Table 1: Recommended RS vs. CL

For a given load capacitance, adjust RS to optimize the

tradeoff between settling time and bandwidth. In general,

reducing RS will increase bandwidth at the expense of ad-

ditional overshoot and ringing.

Overdrive Recovery

An overdrive condition is defined as the point when either

one of the inputs or the output exceed their specified volt-

age range. Overdrive recovery is the time needed for the

amplifier to return to its normal or linear operating point.

The recovery time varies, based on whether the input or

output is overdriven and by how much the range is ex-

ceeded. The LM358/LM324 will typically recover in less

than 30ns from an overdrive condition. Figure 6 shows the

LM358 in an overdriven condition.

Figure 6. Overdrive Recovery

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

100

Time (us)

Output

Input

VIN = 1.25Vpp

G = 5

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