state. The output then responds by increasing above VREF for positive differential signals (relative to the IN– pin)

and responds by decreasing below VREF for negative differential signals. This reference voltage applied to the

REF pin can be set anywhere between 0 V to V+. For bidirectional applications, VREF is typically set at mid-scale

for equal signal range in both current directions. In some cases, however, VREF is set at a voltage other than

mid-scale when the bidirectional current and corresponding output signal do not need to be symmetrical.

8.2.2.3 Application Curve

Time (500 µs/div)

VOUT

VREF

C002

0V

Figure 8-4. Bidirectional Application Output Response

INA199

SBOS469H – APRIL 2009 – REVISED OCTOBER 2023

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