The **WP93A8EWP-RWC** is a specific electronic component manufactured by **Kingbright**. It is a high-performance **Light Emitting Diode (LED)** designed for indicator and signaling applications. --- ### 1. General Specifications This part belongs to the sub-miniature LED series, often used in circuit board indicators where space is at a premium. | Parameter | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Manufacturer** | Kingbright | | **LED Color** | White (Cool/Neutral) | | **Lens Type** | Water Clear | | **Package Shape** | Circular with Domed Top (3mm / T-1) | | **Mounting Type** | Through-Hole | | **Luminous Intensity** | ~1100 mcd (typical at 20mA) | | **Viewing Angle** | 40° | --- ### 2. Electrical Characteristics Understanding the electrical limits is crucial for circuit design to prevent burning out the diode. * **Forward Voltage ($V_F$):** Typically **3.3V** (ranges between 2.8V and 4.0V). * **Forward Current ($I_F$):** Rated at **20mA** for standard operation. * **Reverse Voltage ($V_R$):** Maximum **5V**. * **Power Dissipation ($P_D$):** Approximately **120mW**. * **Electrostatic Discharge (ESD):** Sensitive up to 250V (HBM); handling with ESD precautions is recommended. --- ### 3. Key Physical Features * **Material:** The chip is made of **InGaN** (Indium Gallium Nitride) on a Sapphire substrate, which is the standard material for high-brightness white and blue LEDs. * **Durability:** The leads are usually tin-plated for easy soldering, and the epoxy resin is UV resistant. * **Low Power Consumption:** Optimized for high efficiency, providing significant light output with minimal current draw. --- ### 4. Implementation Circuit To use this LED with a 5V microcontroller (like an Arduino), you must use a current-limiting resistor ($R$). ```cpp // Ohm's Law Calculation: R = (V_source - V_forward) / I_forward // R = (5V - 3.3V) / 0.020A = 85 Ohms // Recommended standard resistor: 100 Ohms to 220 Ohms. ``` --- ### 5. Common Applications 1. **Status Indicators:** Power ON/OFF lights for consumer electronics. 2. **Backlighting:** Small LCD panels or switches. 3. **Optical Signaling:** Used in arrays for information displays. 4. **Diagnostic Tools:** Integrated into PCB designs for visual debugging.