The **TIP107-TN3-R** is a specific variant of the TIP107 Power Darlington Transistor. It is a PNP device designed for general-purpose amplifier and low-speed switching applications where high current gain is required. --- ## 1. Technical Specifications Below are the primary electrical characteristics for the TIP107-TN3-R: | Parameter | Symbol | Maximum Rating | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Collector-Emitter Voltage** | $V_{CEO}$ | -100 V | | **Collector-Base Voltage** | $V_{CBO}$ | -100 V | | **Emitter-Base Voltage** | $V_{EBO}$ | -5 V | | **Collector Current (DC)** | $I_C$ | -8 A | | **Collector Current (Peak)** | $I_{CP}$ | -15 A | | **Base Current** | $I_B$ | -1 A | | **DC Current Gain** | $h_{FE}$ | 1000 (Min) @ $I_C = -3A$ | | **Total Power Dissipation** | $P_D$ | 80 W (at $T_C = 25^\circ C$) | --- ## 2. Key Components & Architecture The TIP107 is not a standard BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) but a **Darlington Pair**. ### Internal Configuration A Darlington pair consists of two transistors connected such that the current amplified by the first is further amplified by the second. * **High Gain:** The total gain is roughly the product of the individual gains of the two internal transistors. * **Integrated Resistors:** It typically includes built-in base-emitter shunt resistors to help the device turn off faster by providing a path for stored charge. * **Integrated Diode:** Usually contains a monolithic free-wheeling diode between the collector and emitter to protect against reverse-bias spikes from inductive loads. ### Package & Naming (TN3-R) * **TO-220/TO-252:** The "TN3" usually refers to the package type (often a TO-252/DPAK for surface mount or a specific manufacturer's variation of TO-220). * **Polarity:** Being **PNP**, it is used to switch the "high side" (positive side) of the load. --- ## 3. Pin Configuration For standard packages, the pinout is generally as follows: | Pin Number | Function | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 1 | **Base** | The trigger pin that controls the current flow. | | 2 | **Collector** | Connected to the load (connected to the heatsink tab). | | 3 | **Emitter** | Connected to the positive supply (in a PNP configuration). | --- ## 4. Typical Applications Due to its high gain and power handling, it is commonly found in: 1. **Motor Control:** Driving DC motors where high current is needed from a low-power microcontroller signal. 2. **Relay Drivers:** Handling the inductive kickback and high current of large mechanical relays. 3. **Audio Amplifiers:** Used in the output stages of power amplifiers. 4. **Solenoid Drivers:** Switching heavy electromagnetic coils. ---