The **LCMXO2-256HC-4TG100C** (often referred by its specific ordering code including tape and reel suffixes) belongs to the **MachXO2** family from Lattice Semiconductor. It is an ultra-low-power, instant-on, non-volatile PLD (Programmable Logic Device) designed for bridging, I/O expansion, and system control. --- ### 1. Part Number Breakdown Understanding the specific alphanumeric code reveals the device's capabilities: | Segment | Meaning | Detail | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **LCMXO2** | Product Family | MachXO2 (Bridging & Control FPGA) | | **256** | LUT Count | 256 Look-Up Tables | | **HC** | Voltage/Speed | High Performance (3.3V / 2.5V VCC) | | **4** | Speed Grade | Standard Speed (4) | | **TG100** | Package Type | 100-pin TQFP (Thin Quad Flat Pack) | | **C** | Temp Grade | Commercial (0°C to +85°C) | | **TR / R1** | Packaging | Tape & Reel / Specific Reel quantity | --- ### 2. Technical Specifications The MachXO2 series is unique because it integrates Flash memory for configuration, meaning it does not require an external PROM to boot. | Feature | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Logic Cells** | 256 LUT4s | | **User Flash Memory** | 18 Kbits (EBR) / 64 Kbits (Flash) | | **User I/O Count** | Up to 78 I/Os | | **Operating Voltage** | 2.5V to 3.3V | | **Embedded Hard IP** | I2C, SPI, Timer/Counter | | **Configuration** | Instant-on (under 1ms) | --- ### 3. Key Electronic Features * **Non-Volatile:** Since the configuration is stored in internal Flash, the chip is ready to function the microsecond power is applied. * **Hardened IP:** It includes dedicated hardwired circuits for I2C and SPI, saving logic cells that would otherwise be used to program these protocols. * **Low Power:** Designed for battery-operated devices, featuring a "Standby Mode" that consumes very little current. * **I/O Flexibility:** Supports various I/O standards including LVCMOS, LVTTL, and differential signaling like LVDS (on specific pins). --- ### 4. Common Applications Due to its small logic density and low cost, this part is rarely used for heavy data processing. Instead, it is used for: 1. **Power Sequencing:** Managing the order in which different power rails turn on in a complex system. 2. **I/O Expansion:** Adding more GPIOs to a microcontroller that has run out of pins. 3. **Interface Bridging:** Translating signals between different protocols (e.g., I2C to Parallel). 4. **Glue Logic:** Replacing multiple small 74-series logic gates with a single chip to save PCB space. --- ### 5. Programming Example (VHDL/Verilog) To program this device, you typically use **Lattice Diamond** software. A simple "Blinky" or "Inverter" logic block would look like this in Verilog: ```verilog module top ( input wire button_n, // Input from a switch output wire led // Output to an LED ); // Simple inverter logic assign led = ~button_n; endmodule ``` ---