The **FLM-31-R** is an **Electronic Flow Meter** (specifically an Oval Gear Flow Meter) commonly used in industrial and agricultural applications to measure the volume of liquids passing through a pipe. Below is an explanation of its electronic components and technical specifications. --- ### 1. Key Electronic Components The device integrates mechanical sensing with electronic processing to provide data. | Component | Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Magnetic Sensor** | Uses a Hall Effect sensor or Reed switch to detect the rotation of internal gears without physical contact. | | **Microprocessor** | Converts the raw pulse signals from the sensor into volumetric units (liters, gallons, etc.). | | **LCD Display** | A digital screen that shows real-time flow rate and totalized volume. | | **PCB (Circuit Board)** | Controls power management and signal conditioning to ensure accuracy despite electrical noise. | | **Battery/Power Supply** | Typically powered by internal DC batteries (often 1.5V or 3V) or an external 12-24V DC source depending on the specific sub-model. | --- ### 2. Technical Specifications The electronics are designed to handle specific flow ranges and pressure levels. | Feature | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Flow Range** | 10 - 100 L/min (Standard range for R-series) | | **Accuracy** | ± 0.5% | | **Repeatability** | < 0.03% | | **Max Pressure** | Up to 3.4 MPa (approx. 500 PSI) | | **Pulse Output** | Optional (NPN/PNP) for connection to external PLCs or computers | --- ### 3. Electronic Functions and Features * **Calibration (K-Factor):** The electronics allow for digital calibration. If the meter is slightly inaccurate due to fluid viscosity, the user can adjust the "K-Factor" via the buttons. * **Unit Conversion:** The internal logic can toggle between different measurement units (Liters, Gallons, Pints, Quarts). * **Non-Volatile Memory:** The electronic board usually stores the "Totalizer" data even if the battery dies or is removed, preventing data loss. * **Low Battery Indicator:** A visual warning on the LCD when the internal voltage drops below the operational threshold. --- ### 4. Wiring and Connectivity (Pulse Version) If the unit is equipped with a remote signal output, the wiring typically follows this standard: ```markdown Red Wire: Power Supply (+) 12-24VDC Black Wire: Ground (-) Yellow/White: Pulse Signal Output ``` ---