The **ALV-A113-R** is a specific electronic component, typically categorized as a **Surface Mount (SMT) LED Indicator**, often produced by manufacturers like **Kingbright**. It is designed for high-reliability applications requiring high-intensity light output in a compact footprint. --- ## 1. Technical Specifications Below are the primary electronic and physical characteristics of the ALV-A113-R: | Parameter | Typical Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Component Type** | SMD LED (Subminiature) | | **Color** | Red (Hyper Red) | | **Luminous Intensity** | ~100 - 300 mcd @ 20mA | | **Forward Voltage ($V_f$)** | 1.95V - 2.5V | | **Forward Current ($I_f$)** | 20mA (Max 30mA) | | **Wavelength** | 630 nm - 645 nm | | **Viewing Angle** | 20° - 40° (Directional) | | **Package Style** | Axial Lead / Gull-wing | --- ## 2. Key Electronic Features The ALV-A113-R is distinguished by several engineering features that make it suitable for industrial and commercial PCBs: ### A. Subminiature Axial Package Unlike standard 0805 or 1206 SMD LEDs, this part often features **long leads** that can be bent into a "Gull-wing" or "Yoke" configuration. This allows for versatile mounting on both the top and bottom of thin circuit boards. ### B. High Efficiency Material The internal chip is usually constructed using **AlGaInP (Aluminium Gallium Indium Phosphide)** on a GaAs substrate. This material science provides: * High luminous efficiency. * Low power consumption. * Long-term reliability under thermal stress. ### C. Moisture Sensitivity These parts are typically rated **MSL 3 (Moisture Sensitivity Level 3)**. This means they must be handled carefully in manufacturing to prevent "popcorning" (internal cracking) during reflow soldering if they have absorbed atmospheric moisture. --- ## 3. Circuit Integration Example To use the ALV-A113-R in a 5V circuit, a current-limiting resistor is required to prevent burnout. ```python # Calculation for Resistor (R) # Formula: R = (V_source - V_forward) / I_forward V_source = 5.0 # Volts V_f = 2.0 # Typical Forward Voltage for Red I_f = 0.02 # 20mA in Amps R = (5.0 - 2.0) / 0.02 print(f"Required Resistor: {R} Ohms") # Result: 150 Ohms ``` --- ## 4. Common Applications * **Backlighting:** Used in small switches or membrane keypads. * **Status Indicators:** Power-on lights for hand-held medical or industrial devices. * **Fiber Optics:** Due to the narrow viewing angle and subminiature size, it is sometimes used as a light source for short-range plastic optical fibers.