The **ACV-3131-R** is a high-performance **Micro-Solenoid Valve** manufactured by **Takasago Electric**. It is specifically designed for analytical instruments, medical devices, and precision fluid control where high chemical resistance and miniaturization are required. --- ### 1. Key Technical Specifications The following table summarizes the primary electronic and physical characteristics: | Parameter | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Rated Voltage** | 12V DC or 24V DC (Model dependent) | | **Power Consumption** | Approximately 1.8W to 2.5W | | **Orifice Diameter** | 1.0 mm | | **Operating Pressure** | -90 kPa to 300 kPa (approx. 3 bar) | | **Fluid Temperature** | 5 to 50°C | | **Wetted Materials** | PTFE (Body), Perfluoroelastomer (Diaphragm) | | **Response Time** | < 20 ms | --- ### 2. Electronic Components and Operation The ACV-3131-R operates as a **2-way, Normally Closed (NC)** solenoid valve. Below is a breakdown of its electronic internal architecture: #### A. Electromagnetic Coil The heart of the valve is a precision-wound copper coil. When a DC voltage (12V or 24V) is applied, the coil creates a magnetic field that pulls an internal plunger upward, overcoming the force of a return spring to open the fluid path. #### B. Power Management (PWM Control) While the valve can be operated with a continuous DC signal, it is common to use **Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)** for two reasons: 1. **Heat Reduction:** Using a "Hit and Hold" circuit (initially providing full voltage to actuate, then dropping to ~30-50% voltage to hold) prevents the coil from overheating. 2. **Longevity:** Lowering the holding current extends the lifespan of the internal insulation. #### C. Electrical Connection The unit typically features lead wires or a specialized connector. Because it is a simple solenoid, it is not polarity-sensitive unless it includes a built-in protection diode. --- ### 3. Material Compatibility (Wetted Parts) The electronic actuation is isolated from the fluid via a **Diaphragm Isolation structure**. This ensures that the metallic electronic components do not corrode and do not contaminate the fluid. * **PTFE Body:** Offers nearly universal chemical resistance. * **Perfluoroelastomer:** Provides high-end sealing capable of handling aggressive acids, bases, and solvents. --- ### 4. Typical Applications * **IVD (In-Vitro Diagnostics):** Precision Reagent dispensing. * **Chromatography:** Mobile phase selection. * **Environmental Monitoring:** Sampling of hazardous chemicals.